Measles is making headlines again, with a resurgence of cases and outbreaks highlighting the importance of vaccination and public awareness. As one of the most contagious viruses, measles poses a serious threat, especially to unvaccinated individuals and those with weakened immune systems. Pharmacists, as accessible healthcare providers, play a crucial role in preventing the spread of measles through vaccination, public education, and early identification of cases.
Understanding the measles
Understanding how measles spreads and its symptoms is essential for both prevention and early intervention. Measles is highly contagious, spreading through respiratory droplets and remaining airborne for up to two hours after an infected person coughs or sneezes. Recognizing symptoms early can help limit transmission and ensure timely medical care.
- High fever
- Cough
- Runny nose
- Red, watery eyes
- Koplik’s spots (tiny white spots inside the mouth)
- A characteristic red rash that starts on the face and spreads downward
There is no specific antiviral treatment for measles, but supportive care—such as hydration, fever management, and vitamin A supplementation—can help reduce complications.
2025 measles cases & outbreaks
Measles cases have seen a resurgence in several regions across the United States, particularly in communities with declining vaccination rates.
As of March 6, 2025, the CDC reported a total of 222 measles cases in 12 jurisdictions: Alaska, California, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York City, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Texas and Washington.
There have been three measles outbreaks (defined as 3 or more related cases) reported in Texas and New Mexico, and 93% of cases (207 of 222) are outbreak-associated.
What to know about the MMR vaccine
Vaccination remains the most effective defense against measles outbreaks. Although the vaccine isn’t 100% effective against measles, two MMR shots are 97% effective which is very high. The MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine provides long-term immunity and is essential in preventing severe complications.
- First dose: 12-15 months of age
- Second dose: 4-6 years of age
- Catch-up vaccination: For older children and adults who missed earlier doses
Pharmacists can help by verifying vaccination records, encouraging titers for patients who are unsure of status, and educating parents on the importance of immunization if they fall into one of the categories we describe below. Ensuring access to the MMR vaccine for eligible patients when they visit your pharmacy to be vaccinated is crucial.
The role of community pharmacists in measles prevention
Pharmacists are one of the most accessible healthcare professionals and can significantly impact public health efforts to curb the spread of measles. Their role includes:
- Administering MMR vaccines and boosters to adult patients
- Screening patients for vaccine eligibility and contraindications
- Educating the public on measles prevention and symptoms
- Identifying and reporting potential measles cases to public health authorities
- Encouraging patients to consult their primary care providers for additional guidance
- Counseling patients on medications and over-the-counter products for supportive immune care
By integrating measles prevention strategies into routine pharmacy practice, pharmacists can help protect vulnerable populations and strengthen community knowledge around the disease.
Addressing MMR vaccination hesitancy
Vaccine hesitancy remains a major barrier to measles eradication. Misinformation and fear contribute to vaccine hesitancy, making it essential for healthcare providers to foster open and informed discussions about immunizations. Pharmacists can help by:
- Dispelling common myths about vaccine safety
- Providing accessible, easy-to-understand patient education on the MMR vaccination
- Encouraging conversations with pediatricians and healthcare providers
- Reassuring parents about the vaccine’s long-standing safety and efficacy
- Building trust with hesitant patients is crucial in improving vaccination rates and preventing further outbreaks.
Administering MMR vaccinations
While most individuals achieve lifelong immunity after two doses of the MMR vaccine, some may require boosters, particularly:
- Healthcare workers
- College students
- International travelers
- Individuals in outbreak-prone communities
- Adults born after 1957 who are unsure of their vaccination status
*Pharmacists should also check for potential interactions with other vaccines or medications before administering an MMR booster.
Providing patient education on measles
Educating patients about measles prevention and treatment can help limit the spread of the virus and reduce complications. Pharmacists can leverage multiple channels to reach their existing patients and the greater community, including the following:
- Website banners: Displaying key messages about measles vaccination and prevention on your pharmacy website
- IVR messaging: Leveraging on-hold messages to share education and let patients know that you offer vaccinations
- Text or email communications: Sending email or text reminders to existing patients about getting vaccinated and following up after vaccination appointments
- Social media: Sharing informative posts, infographics, and local news/updates on social media can help your local community stay informed about measles cases in your area and position your pharmacy as a trusted source for information and guidance
Additionally, pharmacists can offer in-person guidance on:
- Recognizing symptoms and warning signs
- The importance of vaccination for community immunity
- What to do if exposed to measles
- Preventative measures for at-risk individuals
Providing clear and accessible information in person or through printouts and digital resources on the measles empowers patients to take proactive steps in protecting themselves and their families.
Looking ahead…
As the 2025 measles cases continue to rise, pharmacists are on the front lines of prevention and care. By actively promoting vaccination, addressing hesitancy, and educating the public, they can play a critical role in curbing the resurgence of this preventable disease. Now more than ever, pharmacists must step up to protect their communities and reinforce the importance of immunization in safeguarding public health.
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